Open-flask, ambient temperature direct arylation synthesis of mixed ionic-electronic conductors

Conjugated polymers are extensively investigated for applications ranging from energy technologies to wearable electronics and bioelectronics. To achieve truly sustainable technology, the use of environmentally benign synthesis methods is required. In this work, the open-flask synthesis of a wide range of conjugated polymers at room temperature by ambient direct arylation polymerization (ADAP) is demonstrated. The batch synthesis of over 100 grams of polymer in a green solvent, as well as continuous droplet flow synthesis without the use of any solid support, is described. Polymers produced via ADAP are found to exhibit improved structural order compared to those prepared through alternative methods. As a result, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) fabricated from these polymers are shown to possess beyond state-of-the-art electrical properties, including a hole mobility (μ) as high as 6 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, a volumetric capacitance (C\*) exceeding 200 F cm⁻³, and a figure of merit \[μC\*] greater than 1100 F cm⁻¹ V⁻¹ s⁻¹. Therefore, the benign and large-scale production of high-performance conjugated polymers is enabled by ADAP.

• Kimpel, J
• Kim, Y
• Schomaker, H
• Hinojosa, DR
• Asatryan, J
• Martín, J
• Kroon, R
• Sommer, M
• Müller, C

• Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden

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